4CM 1100cc ex-Giovanni Lurani

[maseramo]

L'excellent Philippe, à qui n'échappe pas grand chose concernant le Maseratisme, nous signale une Maserati 4CM de 1937 à vendre en ce moment chez le célèbre négociant DPM Motors de Monaco :







C'est la dernière des 9 exemplaires de 4CM 1100cc, construite en 1937 avec beaucoup d'éléments de carrosserie de 6CM comme le carrossage partiel des tringleries de direction par le dessus et l'avant.

[Konimino2]

Oui bon, c est encore Gemini qui va s y coller....

Quoi? Elle est rouge, et t es dans ta phase bleue?

Ça doit se repeindre...

[maseramo]

Haha, ciao Konimino

L'usine Maserati était encore à Bologne, elle déménagera à Modène au 322 viale Ciro Menotti en 1940.




Il s'agit de #1128 qui, d'après le Tabucchi, a été livrée au grand pilote Giovanni Lurani avec un moteur spécial "testa fissa" c'est à dire sans joint entre la culasse et le bloc, ce qui permettait d’accroître le taux de compression (6 : 1 au lieu de 5 : 1). Ce moteur à compresseur développait 125 cv (au lieu de 90 cv) et amenait cette monoplace de 580 kg à 200 km/h.


Le compresseur Roots en rouge, les deux arbres à cames en tête à 90 degrés.


L'admission sans échangeur mais avec des ailettes de dispersion de la chaleur sur la droite

On voit bien le boitier de direction avec la tringlerie externe au fuselage contournant le moteur de part et d'autre.
Remarquez la plaque Maserati regroupant les câbles d'allumage.






Les pieds sont de part et d'autre de la boite de vitesse. Notez le petit repose pied à gauche. Le levier de vitesse sort entre les genoux du pilote et part à sa main gauche

Les ailettes dans la carrosseries amènent l'air frais vers les jambes du pilote qui recevaient toute la chaleur du moteur et de la boite

[maseramo]

Notez la commande hydraulique des freins, que Maserati fut le premier à réussir à mettre au point en 1932 sur 4CM puis 8CM (après de premiers essais non concluants par Duesenberg dans les années 20) :

[MASERALFA]

Superbe auto
Le système « testa fissa » était très utilisé par Bugatti dans les meme années.
Fred

[maseramo]

Ciao Fred, je n'ai pas de photo de la testa fissa sur cet exemplaire, mais j'ai retrouvé une photo du moteur de la 8CL qui était dans le show room de l'usine de Modène. On voit le bloc en continuité avec les demi-culasses droites et gauche (on imagine les soupapes arrivant à 90 degrés), il y a juste un couvre culasse englobant l'arbre à cames par dessus :



Mais revenons à cette 4CM "Lurani" :
Le démarreur extérieur :


De la droite à la gauche : compte tours (les 125 cv étaient obtenus à 6600 tours/mn), pression d'huile, température d'eau et pression d'admission de l'essence :

[maseramo]

Quelques vues du bolide :

[maseramo]

Notez les tambours très sophistiqués avec prise d'air grillagée et évacuation pour le refroidissement :


Notez aussi la commande hydraulique du tambour et le système de réglage de la suspension arrière

[maseramo]

petit saute vent mais prises d'air pour refroidir le pilote :


90 litres d'essence dans le dos du pilote :

[maseramo]

L'histoire de #1128, une voiture avec un gros palmares puisque le comte Lurani fut champion d'Italie en 1100 grâce à elle, remportant les grands Prix de Milan, Turin, Gênes, Naples et Palerme ainsi que la course de cote de Frieburg en Allemagne ! C'est avec elle qu'il eut un accident à Londres en 1938, se fracturant la hanche. Ci-dessous l'article de MotorSport Magazine de juin 1977 :

Maserati 4CM
No.1128

In the January issue of Motor Sport, in an article about the 1939 British Empire Trophy race held at Donington Park, I mentioned an 1100 c.c. Maserati that was driven by Charlie Dodson and was running in second place until it retired. I said that as far as I knew this car had disappeared completely, but it is not so, for a most interesting letter came from Count "Johnny" Lurani to say that the car was very much alive and well and living in Switzerland. Subsequent correspondence with Lurani, and a bit of research has unravelled most of the life story of this particular Maserati.

The Maserati factory in Bologna produced a new model for 1936 "voiturette" racing, which had a supercharged six-cylinder 1 1/2-litre engine in a chassis with independent front suspension, large hydraulic brakes, and semi-elliptic rear springs supporting the rigid rear axle. This was the 6CM and it proved the equal of the ERA, but not necessarily superior. For 1937 the basic design of the 6CM was followed, but a 4-cylinder engine was used, it being thought that the "four" was livelier than the "six", especially for twisty circuits. In Milan was a private group of racing enthusiasts who had got together to form the Scuderia Ambrosiana, and one of these was Count Giovanni Lurani Cernuschi, known to his many English friends as "Johnny" Lurani, his racing connections with the English going back to the 1933 Mille Miglia when he drove a K3 MG Magnette with Capt. George Eyston. The patron saint of Milan is St. Ambrose and anything that is thoroughly Milanese is "Ambrosiana", hence the title for this team, the other founder members being Luigi Villoresi and Franco Cortese. One of the top football teams in Italy at the time was the Ambrosiana International Football Club of Milan and Lurani asked the President of the Football Club, a Signor Pozzani, to be President of their Scuderia and they adopted the blue and black colours of the football team in their Scuderia badge.

In national Italian racing at the time there was quite a following for the 1100 c.c. category, so when the Scuderia were equipping themselves for the 1937 season, Lurani ordered an 1100 c.c. version of the new 4-cylinder car, with spare cylinder block and pistons, supercharger, connecting rods and so on, to convert it to 1500 c.c. if required. This was Maserati Tipo 4CM chassis number 1128, supplied in 1100 c.c. form, and like the 1500 c.c. versions, had a two inch shorter wheelbase than the 1936 cars. Throughout 1937 Lurani was very successful with this car, winning the 1100 C.C. category in races at Turin, Milan, Genoa, Naples, Palermo and in the Frieburg hill-climb in Germany. Not surprisingly these successes netted him the 1100 c.c. Italian Championship. At the end of the season the engine was converted to 1500 c.c. and Lurani visited Great Britain, to run in the Imperial Trophy race at the Crystal Palace. He was third in the first Heat, behind Percy Maclure and Arthur Dobson, and fifth in the Final behind Bira, Dobson, Goodacre and Villoresi.

In the winter of 1937/38 the Scuderia Ambrosiana took four Maseratis to South Africa, for the winter season, Lurani taking his 1100 and Taruffi, Villoresi and Eugenio Siena taking six-cylinder 1 500 c.c. cars. Their first race was on the Lord Howe circuit near Johannesburg and was a handicap event, based on engine capacity. Lurani felt that the organisers were being much too lenient with his 1100 c.c. and asked to be re-handicapped, mainly to give his three compatriots with the 1500 c.c. cars a better chance. The result was that he finished third, behind two local drivers! They then went to East London and in this race Lurani was dicing with the South African ERA driver Norman Wilson, when the little Maserati threw a connecting rod out through the crankcase. Their last race was in Cape Town so the crankcase was patched up and the 1500 c.c. cylinder block and pistons were fitted. Most of the efforts were put into the other team cars, Lurani's 1500 not being taken too seriously, so he had to start the race on what tyres were left over, and pulling the wrong axle ration and so on. He drove round disconsolately in 6th place until he was due to stop and refuel, and then feeling a bit fed up with it all he handed the car over to Luigi Villoresi, whose six-cylinder had blown up. Villoresi stormed back into the race and drove really hard, working his way up to third place by the finish, being beaten by Lord Howe (ERA) and Taruffi (Maserati). Among the British entries was W. G. (Bill) Everitt who drove a Maserati and during the voyage back to Europe on the P & liner "Winchester Castle" Lurani and Everitt travelled together, already being good friends from previous races.
Back in Italy the Maserati No. 1128 was rebuilt in readiness for the European season and Lurani had the rear end modified. A firm in Turin was making suspension units comprising a coil spring within a tube, with the spring being actuated by a trailing arm, these units being primarily intended for the front end of racing cars, to give a "bolt on" independent front suspension. Lurani had these units fitted to the rear of his Maserati, to replace the semi-elliptic leaf springs, still retaining the one-piece rigid rear axle. It was felt that the Tecnauto coil-spring units would give a better ride to the rear end and stop it hopping about, which proved to be correct. The first big race for the Scuderia Ambrosiana was the Tripoli Grand Prix, over 517 kilometres on the very fast Mellaha circuit in north Africa. There was a 1500 c.c. category within the Grand Prix itself and for this event Maserati 1128 was in 1500 c.c. form. Lurani was leading the "small car" category when all the oil pressure disappeared and thinking the oil pump had packed up he pulled into the pits. After six minutes the trouble was traced to a faulty gauge and he rejoined the race, to finish third in the 1500 c.c. group and eighth overall.

Still running in 1500 c.c. form Lurani then went to the Targa Florio, which was being run as a circuit race in Palermo. After making second fastest practice time he had a collision with Bianco in the race and ended up off the course. Lurani had actually been leading to begin with, but his fuel-pressure played up and the car slowed, allowing Bianco to go by. Then the Maserati picked up again and while overtaking Bianco, Lurani was "elbowed off".

Converting the engine back to 1100 c.c., for handicap purposes, Lurani entered for the London Grand Prix at the Crystal Palace in June but disaster struck. During practice he got into a big slide on a streak of oil spilled out by Norman Wilson's ERA, went off the road and overturned. While the car was only superficially damaged, poor Lurani broke his hip very badly and though he was repaired in a London hospital and was out and about again before the end of the season, the injury put paid to any more single-seater racing for him. He had to restrict himself to the more "comfortable" sports cars and saloon cars in the future. While he was being cared for in the clinic, the Maserati was put back on its wheels and straightened out and Lurani's friend Bill Everitt drove it in the London Grand Prix, but was forced to retire with engine trouble. While convalescing Lurani lent the Maserati to Achille Varzi for a small race at Lucca, but no success came their way.

With his single-seater career over, Lurani put the little Maserati up for sale, taking an illustrated advertisement in The Motor. "Maserati single-seater full 1938 model, latest type 4 cylinder single-block 1500 c.c. racer. Special Memini double carburettor. Car complete with 6 duralumin Rudge wheels, 3 spare gear ratios and complete spares for converting engine to 1100 c.c. Car with 1500 c.c, guaranteed to exceed 140 m.p.h. In 1938 did fastest lap at Tripoli GP, race average 116 m.p.h., finished third. In 1939 (this was a mis-print for 1938 D.S. J.) was third in Grosvenor Grand Prix at Capetown. Car and all spares in perfect, faultless condition, guaranteed and ready to race. 1100 c.c. engine fastest ever produced by Maserati. Count Lurani, c/o British Racing Drivers' Club, 12, Queen's Gate Terrace, London, S.W.7." The price being asked in the advertisement was £795.

Eventually Desmond Scannell, the secretary of the BRDC, traced Lurani in Nice, and a deal was done over the phone on behalf of Charlie Dodson, who wanted the car in 1100 c.c. form for the 1939 British Empire Trophy race. It was agreed that Lurani's mechanic would take the car to Donington Park, in time for practice, and the money would be handed over in the paddock. Lurani's mechanic was Carlo Facetti, the father of the Facetti who races Alfa Romeos today, and after he had fitted the 1100 c.c. block and pistons etc., he loaded it on to their special Fiat transporter and set off for England, all on his own and unable to speak a word of English. While crossing the Alps he was caught in a heavy snowstorm, and unbeknown to him some water had remained trapped in the cylinder block, even though he had drained it before setting off, and this froze. Eventually he arrived at Donington Park and unloaded the car, but when he filled it with water he discovered the frost crack in the block. Not unnaturally Dodson was not prepared to accept the car on behalf of his sponsor, one José Dibos. Poor Facetti was distraught, and dreaded the thought of taking the car back to Lurani unsold, with all the costs of the journey to be paid. With the help of other people in the paddock he got the cylinder block into Rolls Royce, in nearby Derby, and it was repaired. Working non-stop through the night Facetti got the car re-assembled and running and next day Dodson tried it and was delighted and the deal went through, much to Carlo's relief.

In the race the car ran well and Dodson was on great form, working the car through into second place. Reports at the time said that the repaired block failed, which caused his retirement, but Lurani says that what actually happened was that an oil pipe became blocked and starved the fed to one of the camshafts, and it seized. Whatever actually happened, the new owner was well satisfied with the way the car had gone, and Charlie Dodson was obviously happy driving it, so Facetti was able to return to Italy and report the deal as having been completed.

It ran once more in 1939, at the Nuffield Trophy Race, also at Donington Park but this time it was a scratch race for 1 1/2-litre cars. Dodson ran well until near the finish when the mounting for one of the Tecnauto units on the rear began to break away from the chassis, and the car limped into the finish looking a bit lop-sided. It was classified fifth out of nine finishers, but was five laps behind the winner.

With the war starting shortly after this the Maserati was not seen again until 1948, when "Johnny" Lurani came across it at a small meeting at the Montlhery Autodrome, near Paris; it was painted blue and being raced by a French driver. Once more it disappeared and came to light in Marseilles in the middle nineteen-sixties, for sale and looking very sorry for itself. Lurani declined the offer to buy it and it eventually went to a Swiss enthusiast who has it now, in fully restored condition and looking in very good health. - D.S.J.

[Froggie]

Merci de ces photos et de toutes ces infos.
La testafissa ne devait pas être facile à bien usiner, assembler, contrôler et maintenir!

[plm]

C'est hors concours, mais une idée du montant demandé????

[gemini]

Il y a 5 ans, une vente à Bonhams à plus de 500k.
https://www.bonhams.com//auctions/21907 ... 000&page=1

Ca commence à faire un sacré budget pour participer à l'une ou l'autre course historique.
Et personnellement, l'esthétique de l'engin ne me fait pas particulièrement rêver, tant qu'à devoir rouler un véhicule des années trente avec une paire de lunette cuir style aviateur (chacun ses phantasmes, on ne juge pas), j'aime autant le faire au volant d'une 4 1/2 blower, en plus il y a une place pour madame .

[plm]

Merci,

A la fois pas si cher, mais d'accord avec toi, il y a bcp plus beau.
Et avec 500 k (et il y a 5 ans...), il y a moyen de faire pas mal de choses...

Ca reste une belle auto pour Le Mans Classic et autres...

[maseramo]

500 000 EUROS ça ne me semble pas cher étant donné l'ancienneté (avant guerre), la rareté (9 exemplaires de 4CM en 1100), le palmares sportif et l'histoire.

Petites précisions sur Giovanni Lurani, comte de Calvenzano :

Noble milanais, né en 1905, ingénieur diplômé de l'école polytechnique de Milan, entre 1934 et 1938 il pilote des Maserati de course 1100 ou 1500 en version piste (4CM) ou route (4CS) et remporte 14 des 16 courses qu'il dispute (dont Rocca di Papa 1934), se classant second aux 2 autres ! Rien qu'avec la 4CM 1100 #1128 sus citée, il remporte 5 courses en 1937 et devient champion d'Italie. Ci-dessous au volant de #1128 dans laquelle il installait parfois le moteur 1500 selon les courses :


Sur la photo ci-dessous nous sommes en 1937 à Crystal Palace. Nous avons quatre personnalités du Maseratisme autour de celle 4CM. De la gauche à la droite, Carlo Felice Trossi, Gino Rovere , Giovanni Lurani et Luigi Villoresi :

Notez les grosses prises d'air de refroidissement des énormes tambours de frein.
Avec Franco Cortese et Luigi Villoresi, Giovanni Lurani crée en 1937 la Scuderia Ambrosiana qui fera courir des Maserati 6CM et des 4CL


A Londres à Crystal Palace en 1938, #1128 se retourne et Giovanni Lurani se fracture la hanche alors que la voiture est peu endommagée.


Cet accident met un stop à sa carrière en monoplaces. Il crée la Nibbio, voiturette motorisée par des 250 ou 500 cc Moto Guzzi en central arrière avec laquelle il remportera 24 records de vitesse juste avant et après la guerre.






Il participe aux 24 heures du Mans 1951 sur Lancia Aurelia B20 et aux Mille Miglia 1952 sur Porsche 356.

En 1959, il est le concepteur de la Formule Junior qui aura un grand succès international.

Il décède en 1995 à 90 ans



Dans La Storia 1, Giovanni Lurani interviewé à propos des frères Maserati dans les années 30 :
« On se sentait immédiatement à l’aise dans cette usine en briques rouges (celle de Bologne). Bindo, dans sa blouse blanche qui le faisait ressembler à un chirurgien, m’accueillait avec cordialité.
Ettore et Ernesto étaient toujours en bleu de travail. Il n’y avait aucun secret entre nous, je vis ainsi naître mon moteur. Je voyais au fil des visites grandir mon châssis avec tous ses détails, tous méticuleusement montés et mis au point avec amour et habileté. Les ouvriers étaient les mêmes jeunes que je retrouvais ensuite sur les pistes en qualité de mécaniciens et qui connaissaient ainsi parfaitement les exigences d’un pilote et d’une voiture de course. Nous vivions en une parfaite osmose, comme des frères » !

C’était ça Maserati dans les années 30, du « sur mesure », une proximité merveilleuse du client avec les dirigeants de l’usine, les ouvriers et l’usine elle-même, une communication directe entre passionnés. Le client-pilote connaissait souvent l’ouvrier qui avait monté son moteur, il réclamait le même à sa seconde ou troisième voiture, et l’ouvrier connaissait le client, savait pour qui il donnait le meilleur de son art.

[plm]

Merci Alido,

l'automobile d'élite à visage humain.

[Yermito]

Un grand merci toi Alido pour ce témoignage et cette description.
Continue de nous faire rêver

[Domi13]

Merci Alido pour ce récit historique de cette Maserati de course qui frôlait les 200 km/h avec le levier de vitesse entre les jambes ….

Dominique
3200GTA

[Blu Sera]

Belle histoire, merci Maseramo !

Il fallait s'y intéresser juste avant la guerre, lorsque le Comte passa cette annonce :

Maserati single-seater full 1938 model.
Latest type 4-cylinder single-block 1500 cc racer.
Special Memini double carburettor.
Car complete with 2 duralumin Rudge wheels,
3 spare gear ratios and complete spares for converting engine to 1100 cc.
Car with 1500 cc guaranteed to exceed 140 mph.
In 1938 did fastest lap at Tripoli GP, race average 116 mph, finished third.
In 1939* was third in Grosvenor Grand Prix at Capetown.
Car and all spares in perfect, faultless condition, guaranteed and ready to race.
1100 cc engine fastest ever produced by Maserati.

Count Lurani,
c/o British Racing Driver's Club,
12 Queen's Gate Terrace,
London, S.W.7.

Le prix demandé alors était £ 795.--
(l'équivalent d'env. EUR 50'000.-- aujourd'hui)

[maseramo]

Alors là, chapeau à Blu Sera, capable de dénicher une annonce d'avant guerre ! On a des pointures sur Maseratitude, sans oublier Philippe qui a levé le lièvre #1128 !!!